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Describe the strategic development of Toyota. In doing so relate the Essay
Depict the vital advancement of Toyota. In doing so relate the turn of events and procedures of the association to the relevent business cus...
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Describe the strategic development of Toyota. In doing so relate the Essay
Depict the vital advancement of Toyota. In doing so relate the turn of events and procedures of the association to the relevent business custom in which it has created - Essay Example Toyotas logo was set up in 1936. (History of Toyota) The current Toyota Company has begun as a division of Toyoda Automatic Loom Works committed in 1933 to the creation of vehicles under the bearing of Kiichiro Toyoda. The name, Toyota, has taken rather than Toyoda so as to isolate the specific name of the organizer from the organization name. Additionally Toyota is anything but difficult to articulate than Toyoda and furthermore it takes eight strokes to write in Japanese, is viewed as more fortunate than Toyoda. (Toyota corporate history) It has begun with A1 traveler vehicles and later moved to G1 trucks in 1935, as a result of the underlying disappointments in vehicle producing. Toyota Motor Co. was set up as a free and separate organization in 1937. The underlying history of the organization was hardly any promising. The US vehicles were overwhelmed in car industry till the underlying phases of 1970s. The 1973 oil emergency has filled in as a gift to Toyota as an ever increasing number of clients focused on the little vehicle industry to spare fuel. The Americans were keen on huge extravagance vehicles till the oil emergency while Toyota focused more on mileage vehicles. They have explored a great deal in assembling efficiency little vehicles while the American vehicle makers like General Motors focused more on greater costly ones. At the point when the oil emergency has begun in 1973, Toyota had as of now the innovation promptly accessible for them to create monetary vehicles while the Americans compelled to grow new advancements to fabricate financial little vehicles. Along these lines from 1973 onwards Toyota, gradually began to catch the world market. ââ¬Å"By 1955, Toyota was making 8,400 vehicles for each year; by 1965, 600,000 vehicles for every year. Toyota set up a central command in Hollywood in 1957; the primary Toyota vehicle enlisted in the United States was a 1958 T oyopet, sold in 1958â⬠. (Toyota history: corporate and car) ââ¬Å"In 1959, the organization opened its first plant outside Japan - in Brazil.â⬠(Toyota history:
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The Concern of Deforestation in Todays Society Essay -- Deforestation
Deforestation is a significant worry in todayââ¬â¢s society. The devastation of the worldââ¬â¢s timberland regions are leaving a great many sections of land dreadful. The changed types of creatures and bugs that utilization to live and flourish from these woods are quickly getting wiped out. The obliteration of the woodland is likewise detrimentally affecting the individuals through removal in this way constraining them to look for new living housing. A large number of these individuals are loosing their legacy and societies leaving them with a feeling of sadness. The desolate land left by deforestation is likewise causing numerous biological issues. Expanded flooding and soil disintegration are two of different issues confronting a few nations like China, Brazil, and the Philippines. To increase a superior comprehension of the tremendous centrality of this issue maybe a glance at the past, present and future are required. Deforestation ââ¬Å"Pastâ⬠Since the very beginning people have utilized natureââ¬â¢s assets to exist. They have pursued for food, intoxicated the water, utilized creature stows away for dress and even utilized the timber for warmth and homes. It was not until the twentieth century that man started to understand the impacts of their colossal utilization on the earth. In spite of the fact that staples like food and water are an issue in them selves, huge scope logging carried deforestation to the cutting edge. à · The World Rainforest Movement proposes that Western Europe, for instance, has lost more than 70 percent of its woodlands since Roman occasions and contends that completely 33% of ââ¬Å"temperate broadleaved backwoods have been lost since the beginning of agricultureâ⬠(Elliott, 1998). à · In 1901 President Theodore Roosevelt alongside Gifford Pinchot and John Muir composed the principal pages of present day ecological history in the United States by moving natural preservation to the focal point of national motivation and pronouncing open power over the countries assets (Shabecoff, 1993). à · In 1933 President Franklin Roosevelt supported his cousins convictions in nature by including significant preservation projects and tasks, for example, The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Soil Conservation Service, and the Tennessee Valley Authority into his New Deal changes (Theodore, Theodore 1996). à · The Presidentââ¬â¢s Commission on Materials Policy in 1952 assessed that 90 percent of the virgin timber in the U.S. business woods had been cut, that reforestation ... ...ces that cause progressively serious natural effects or issues. The unanswered inquiry is climate such an expectation is practical notwithstanding the generic, cost driven powers of worldwide markets and the truth that even the best creation forms today despite everything require the utilization of developing measures of materials, vitality and the proceeded with change of the scene for the extending human populace. References Elliott, Lorraine. 1998. The Global Politics of the Environment. New York, N.Y. New York University Press. Shabecoff, P.A. 1993. Savage Green Fire. New York, N.Y. Slope and Wang Mercuro, Nicholas. 1997. Biology, Law and Economics, Lanham, Maryland. College Press of America, Inc. U.S. Committee on Environmental Quality. 1990. Ecological Quality 1990. Washington, D.C. Government Printing Office Andrews, Richard N. L. 1999. Dealing with the Environment, Managing Ourselves. Binghamton, New York. Vail-Ballou Press Wagner, Richard H. 1998. Condition and Man (sixth ed.). New York, N.Y. W.W. Norton and Company, Inc. Theodore, Mary K., Theodore, Lewis. 1996. Major Environmental Issues Facing the 21st Century. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Prentice-Hall, Inc. The Concern of Deforestation in Today's Society Essay - Deforestation Deforestation is a significant worry in todayââ¬â¢s society. The devastation of the worldââ¬â¢s woodland zones are leaving a large number of sections of land appalling. The changed types of creatures and creepy crawlies that utilization to live and flourish from these timberlands are quickly getting wiped out. The demolition of the woods is additionally detrimentally affecting the individuals through removal subsequently constraining them to look for new living facilities. A considerable lot of these individuals are loosing their legacy and societies leaving them with a feeling of misery. The desolate land left by deforestation is additionally causing numerous biological issues. Expanded flooding and soil disintegration are two of different issues confronting a few nations like China, Brazil, and the Philippines. To increase a superior comprehension of the colossal importance of this issue maybe a gander at the past, present and future are required. Deforestation ââ¬Å"Pastâ⬠Since the very beginning people have utilized natureââ¬â¢s assets to exist. They have pursued for food, intoxicated the water, utilized creature covers up for dress and even utilized the timber for warmth and homes. It was not until the twentieth century that man started to understand the impacts of their gigantic utilization on nature. In spite of the fact that staples like food and water are an issue in them selves, huge scope logging carried deforestation to the bleeding edge. à · The World Rainforest Movement recommends that Western Europe, for instance, has lost more than 70 percent of its woods since Roman occasions and contends that completely 33% of ââ¬Å"temperate broadleaved timberlands have been lost since the beginning of agricultureâ⬠(Elliott, 1998). à · In 1901 President Theodore Roosevelt alongside Gifford Pinchot and John Muir composed the main pages of present day natural history in the United States by moving ecological preservation to the focal point of national plan and pronouncing open supremacy over the countries assets (Shabecoff, 1993). à · In 1933 President Franklin Roosevelt supported his cousins convictions in the earth by including significant preservation projects and activities, for example, The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Soil Conservation Service, and the Tennessee Valley Authority into his New Deal changes (Theodore, Theodore 1996). à · The Presidentââ¬â¢s Commission on Materials Policy in 1952 evaluated that 90 percent of the virgin timber in the U.S. business woods had been cut, that reforestation ... ...ces that cause progressively extreme natural effects or issues. The unanswered inquiry is climate such an expectation is practical despite the generic, cost driven powers of worldwide markets and the truth that even the best creation forms today despite everything require the utilization of developing measures of materials, vitality and the proceeded with change of the scene for the growing human populace. References Elliott, Lorraine. 1998. The Global Politics of the Environment. New York, N.Y. New York University Press. Shabecoff, P.A. 1993. Furious Green Fire. New York, N.Y. Slope and Wang Mercuro, Nicholas. 1997. Environment, Law and Economics, Lanham, Maryland. College Press of America, Inc. U.S. Board on Environmental Quality. 1990. Ecological Quality 1990. Washington, D.C. Government Printing Office Andrews, Richard N. L. 1999. Dealing with the Environment, Managing Ourselves. Binghamton, New York. Vail-Ballou Press Wagner, Richard H. 1998. Condition and Man (sixth ed.). New York, N.Y. W.W. Norton and Company, Inc. Theodore, Mary K., Theodore, Lewis. 1996. Major Environmental Issues Facing the 21st Century. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Monday, August 10, 2020
8 Ways to Stop Thinking About Journaling and Actually Start Journaling
8 Ways to Stop Thinking About Journaling and Actually Start Journaling Are you serious about cultivating a life-changing habit that can make you more productive and keep you motivated in your professional life?By adding journaling to your everyday life, you experience a creative art form that allows you to explore your mind in a sophisticated manner.As humans, we take in a lot of information daily, some less useful while others are incredibly meaningful.Journaling allows us to record the meaningful information and allows us with a way to access it at any point in time.Creating a system that allows us to slow down and ponder on our life experiences and how each moment has changed us from what we were to what we are, makes journaling a powerful device to reflect for our future.MAINTAINING A JOURNAL CAN POSITIVELY AFFECT YOUR LIFE DAILY. HEREâS HOWSome of the greatest minds in history â" Abraham Lincoln, Isaac Newton, Ernest Hemingway, Leonardo Da Vinci, Charles Darwin, etc. owned a personal journal.You have to wonder â" why did these powerful men real ly need to write down their thoughts on paper when they were able to accomplish so much more? To get an answer to this question, we need to understand how journaling can alter our thought processes.A ground-breaking study conducted by Smyth JM demonstrated how 107 patients suffering from chronic illnesses were given the assignment to write about their traumatic experience on paper for 4 months.The clinical trial was a success and many of the patients began to feel healthier and more positive after documenting their daily lives. This study proved that by summarizing your life on paper, people were able to better reflect on their lives and come up with a solution to a problem.This theory is further supported by another study conducted by researchers in New Zealand who utilized 49 test subjects to test if writing improved their negative feelings over a period of weeks.By the 11th day of the study, 76% of the subjects were fully healed from their mental blocks. This was because the part icipants who wrote a journal were able to sleep better and the mind eliminated stress proactively and this initiated the natural healing process efficiently.Expressive writing or journaling is a proven success in calming down a traumatized person and instantly improving moods. Letâs take for example â" youâve got to complete an exam paper by the end of the week and you are running out of ideas on how to finish it.Journaling your inner thoughts allows you to create a mental picture and put your stress down without having to carry it in your mind.Now, you are better able to think of a solution to your exams without allowing any other issues to cloud your judgment.Journaling is a powerful habit and it gets increasingly better the more time passes us by.A popular myth circulating journaling is that you need to write a lot of pages for your journal to be effective and that you donât have the time.This is utter nonsense!Journaling isnât about how much time you spend on it, itâs about having a quiet personal time for yourself to reflect on your day and understand yourself better.Think of it as being your own personal psychiatrist and who better to make you understand yourself than your feelings.Letâs understand a little more deeply about the various benefits that journaling can add to your personal life.THE BENEFITS OF JOURNALING DAILYJournaling helps to keep track and achieve goalsThink of a journal as a blueprint for your ambitions and dreams.As a journal architect, your first goal is to create an idea of what you would like to achieve and what your end goal is. Between where you are now and where you want to be â" the journey. This journey requires significant planning and hard work and is impossible to achieve without your thoughts and constant flow of ideas.A journal helps you keep track of your scribbled words and thoughts and is a great place to validate your progress.When you jot down words, your brain creates a process of recalling this within its very own RAS â" Reticular Activating System. RAS is a network of nerve pathways located in the brain which allows us to process and organize information while sifting through millions of data.Simply put, RAS is responsible for ignoring all the different voices you hear in your office and are still able to concentrate on your work.By journaling on a regular basis, you train your RAS system to improve itself considerably and you can recall your goals and ambitions daily, so you donât stash them in backseat of your mind for them to stay forgotten.Journaling helps to understand your emotions betterDoes the term Emotional Intelligence feel familiar to you?Itâs the ability to manage and perceive your emotions and provide a more in-depth knowledge of the way you feel. Journaling helps you control your emotions and analyze your feelings better. If you are feeling angry, miserable, scared, happy, or sad? Write it down! Emotions, when converted into words, offer personal insight and can be used later to reflect and solve the issue.When you have a direct connection to your emotions, you are providing yourself with a steering wheel to control your emotions the way you want them to, instead of crashing them onto others. How many times have you regretted screaming at a loved one for a simple mistake out of anger? How many times have you felt miserable and jealous of not being able to achieve the same success compared to your colleague? Dark feelings such as anger and jealousy if left unattended can cause greater damage to our lives in the long run.By journaling our feelings, we get a better understanding on the days we feel anger and the days we are happy. If you feel there are more angry days in a month then itâs time to seek help from either a professional or a loved one.Journaling boosts brain memoryOur brains are remarkable in many ways but often need help in recollecting incidents or events that transpired after a long time has passed. A journal helps to rec ord events and helps your brain work its way through the memory upon reading an entry.Consider this example â" Say you must give a long speech to about a 100-people on environmental issues and you have 10 minutes until you hit the stage.In these valuable 10 minutes of time, you can either panic and forget your lines and nervously backtrack your words or you can quickly jot down the important keywords in your journal that help you reflect your environmental preparation.Having a personal journal by your side is a must in todayâs age where every piece of information is processed digitally, and it can make your brain feel sloppy.Your presentation is bound to go much more smoothly when you can explain it directly to yourself rather than having to glance at your digital device every 2-minutes.It also gives your audience the benefit of the doubt that you are speaking from experience and not just providing information that has been written down.Thus, journaling is a proven memory booster that can aid you in your professional life and can play an influential role in your daily tasks.Journaling improves communication skillsIn time, journaling can improve the way you communicate with others as youâve been able to communicate with yourself efficiently. By putting words on paper, you can clean up these phrases to form meaningful sentences and eventually, form better decisions in verbal communications.According to a report conducted by Stanford in 1996, âWriting has strong connections to speakingâ.When you write down something, it creates a purpose for yourself and develops a personal relationship with you.Consider an example â" You need to brief your boss on why youâd make the perfect candidate for the promotion but if you canât put a point across, your boss is bound to refute your claims and offer the promotion to another.Write down the communication youâd like to have with your boss in your journal and now weight the pros and cons of yourself.Create a con versation that is strictly short but meaningful and puts your best points across. When you actually have the formal talk with your boss, you are better prepared and can negotiate your worth.Journaling can spark your inner creativityWhen you write directly from the mind, your creativity is sourced by yourself. Every day is a new chance for you to explore your inner self and how to better put those thoughts into creative experiences.Try out this fun activity in your journal â"Write for a full 5-minutes without thinking and let the words flow on their own. This is known as âstream of consciousness writingâ and the term was coined by Julia Cameron in her creative activity called âMorning Pagesâ. Julia asks her readers to write up to 3 pages of anything they can think of without having to pause. This phenomenal method puts out creative ideas that werenât obvious to you before.Unlocking your creative juices is something regular journaling can do to your mental state. Throughout the day you are excited about coming up with fresh ideas to put down in your journal.This type of creativity is universal to every human being on earth and isnât limited to only great thinkers.8 CONVENIENT WAYS TO FORCE YOURSELF TO BEGIN JOURNALING1. Begin the Day with JournalingMost people avoid the act of journaling due to their busy schedule and feel that they donât have time to commit to this activity.Journaling isnât about the number of words you put in the pages, itâs more to do with the process of regularizing yourself with the activity and reflecting on your thoughts.If you have trouble journaling at night, itâs because you are tired after a long day of work and sleep is the only thing on your mind.Understandable!Hence, itâs a good idea to start your journal the very first thing as part of your morning routine.Your mind is well rested after a good nightâs rest, you are filled with tons of energy. What better time than the start of the day to scribble down the events of yesterday and to write down your current mood.Tips to Get StartedJust after youâve prepared your morning coffee, set your journal aside and jot down a few wordsYou could track your journaling time to not more than 5 minutes a day, you could gradually increase this time every month by 5 minutesIn fact, you could try journaling the very first thing you do after waking up and in your bed. Itâs a fun way to start your day with a creative mindIf you need a voice to motivate you to journal and why you should journal, this video by âRefuse to Settleâ can help you with your journaling journey. 2. Your Writing Doesnât Have to be Grammatically CorrectDonât waste your time trying to form sentences, put down whatever your thoughts are on paper. After all, itâs your personal diary and only you get to see it, by focusing on your thoughts more than your linguistic skills, you encourage yourself to write daily.You could try simplifying your sentences by using your own form o f writing and thereâs absolutely no stress on the type of connection you are trying to build.Remember, this is exactly how vague the human mind works â" at one point of time you are thinking on how to solve a mathematical equation and in the next moment you are wondering about that delicious pancake you are about to have for dinner tonight.Your journal is a random playground for abstract thoughts, donât try to organize it.Tips to Get StartedInstead of using full sentences you can write like âFeelin hppy tday cnt wait 2 meet my frns n tell them abt my new awesome xmas giftâDonât waste time writing time stamps, you can just write your thoughts down. Once you familiarize yourself with journaling you can add the perks eventuallyDonât stress on the punctuation and spelling too much â" âLookin frwrd fr a grt day at th park yaayyyyyyâ is just perfect. Remember you arenât writing a paper on thesis, these words are meant for you alone3. Utilize Apps or Tools to Automate y our JournalIf youâre the type that prefers technology to plain old writing, then choose among many journaling apps available to you. Apps can also be convenient, you can simply pull them up during a commute and access your thoughts or jot down your emotions in quick easy ways.Apps feature many multimedia options to make your journal more appealing than plain old writing. You could add a picture to your journal or a video to create a video log journal.If you are someone who loves traveling you can create a travel journal of all the places youâve been to with your own unique experiences.Tips to Get StartedDiarium is a windows/android journaling app with a 7-day free trial to boot so you donât have to pay until you like it. Features include having all your memories in one place along with daily notifications that ping you to record your journalMomento is an iOS only app for apple users, it allows you to relive experiences and offers plenty of engaging interactive content to make your journal look phenomenalJourney is an incredible journal app that connects to most major platforms (iOS, Windows, Mac, Chrome, Android). If you are someone who loves to access their journal over multiple platforms, Journey is the best bet4. Set up an Alarm Clock to Buzz You at Your Preferred Journaling Hour EverydayPractice makes perfect. By journaling daily, you create a habit of including journaling into your daily set of activities.Kickstart the process by setting an alarm clock exclusively to remind you to journal every day at a specific time, you will eventually form a positive habit of clocking in your daily events.Its important to never use a digital device to substitute for the humble alarm clock. While your smartphone can work as an alarm unit, itâs also more likely to ruin your sleep pattern or it can get you distracted quite easily with its notification spam.You are bound to lose track of why you started journaling, hence invest in a cheap alarm clock and make the b est out of your journaling session.Tips to Get StartedEarly morning is usually the best time to journal in the companionship of chirping birds and the sunrise, set the alarm 15 minutes before the time you wake up to accommodate your journaling sessionEnsure you keep the alarm clock away from your bed, preferably on your work desk where your journal is. This is to get you to take the effort to walk all the way to stop the alarm and immediately proceed to your journaling sessionHereâs a list of great alarm clocks you could try investing your money in5. Start by Writing on Calendar SpacesEvery calendar has a good amount of space to write an important event. You can start your journaling by first writing a sentence each day for a month before you proceed to get yourself a personal diary.No one said the act of journaling be in a personal log book that you secretly have to keep, you can start by taking small steps and use your calendar as a tool to record your emotions and thoughts.In f act, due to the limited space provided by the calendar, you may need to convert long sentences into single keywords and this can push your creativity to a whole new level.A calendar is also easy to glance at and you can conveniently notice the days youâve missed in a month, this motivates you to attain a full string of days in a month.Tips to Get StartedIf you like to record your emotions in your journal, simply write two words within the calendar space provided such as âangryâ âco-workerâ. You now know while glancing that you were angry at a co-worker on that particular day.If you have to write your deadlines, convert them to a single keyword. Suppose youâve got to complete three projects, give your project names like âProject Aâ âProject Xâ and âProject Zâ. This way you can write down the respective projectâs name on the day of its deadline.Hereâs a list of calendar journals that you can purchase according to your taste.6. Carry Your Journal with YouWhe ther your journal is in the form of a digital device or a notebook, by carrying your journal with you, there wonât be an excuse for not logging your events for the day.If youâre someone that records their thoughts and feelings throughout the day, then the best bet is to keep the journal with you as a form of a personal guide.Another advantage to bringing your journal with you is, you get to record events as they transpire and without relying on memory power alone.For example, a well-known celebrity visited your university? Jot down all the intricate details the celebrity was wearing and what color was their hair and their fashion sense. Memory alone wonât provide accurate details of an event.Tips to Get StartedEnsure you put your journal back into your backup or bag that you carry around for work/study. That way you wonât miss itMaintain a miniature journal and not a large book for portable purposes. You should be able to tuck it easily into your pockets if need be, this way you can pull it out anytime and at anyplaceYou could use a reminder service such as iDoneThis to alert you every day at specific times to log your thoughts7. Do It Bi-monthly or even once a monthWe get it, you donât have the patience to write another word or your mind isnât keeping up with the daily events of your life. You could always maintain the journal at a specific period â" weekly, fortnight, or monthly. Itâs your choice!The best part of owning a journal is you create the rules and you have your own freedom of logging down your thoughts/emotions/deadlines/ambitions/goals. Journaling, in fact, can get infectious and in time, you will be addicted to logging your goals more than once-a-week.By writing at your own pace you donât force yourself into journaling and you let itself become a part of you.Tips to Get StartedEnsure you mark your calendar every week/month or if you use a digital journal then set up a reminderTo develop a more frequent habit of journaling you wil l need to form a schedule and stick to it even if itâs once in a month or every week. This way your brain feels like itâs doing something that itâs supposed to10Q offers pre-generated questions that are fun to answer, and the answers are not revealed to you for a year and are maintained in secure data vaults. You can reflect back on your answers every year to see how much of a change youâve experienced8. Enlist the Help of Creative PromptsThere are plenty of creative prompts available on the internet that ask you interesting questions regarding your personal life â" with a new one every day. These prompts can be compiled in any Word document and you can write down your experiences each day on the list.The randomness of each creative prompt is what engages people in writing down their own experiences.Writing in a plain blank paper can get monotonous and itâs time to introduce yourself to pre-written prompts that allow you to test your intellect and come up with the crazies t of answers and you are bound to surprise yourself with over the years.Tips to Get StartedSimply type in the term âjournaling promptsâ to your preferred search engine and be amazed by the number of choices you could try outThe WordPress team has come up with a creative â365 days of journal promptsâ. Thatâs one new question for every day in a year to keep you engaged and activeHere are 65 creative journal prompts that can help you get started on your way to creating your ownA video detailing 30+ creative prompts to attain self-discovery. CONCLUSIONJournaling is a practice and like any activity, it requires you to commit yourself to reap the rewards. The best day to start journaling is â" Today! All you need is a book, a pen, and your creative mind to get started. The above strategies are created to get you to start journaling and never stop.Remember, when you feel that youâve got no more words to write down in those pages, itâs time to introduce adventure and travel i nto your life. Nothing gets the mind refreshed, like a nice vacation from work.
Saturday, May 23, 2020
A Narrow Fellow in the Grass by Emily Dickinson Essay
A Narrow Fellow in the Grass by Emily Dickinson The poem, ââ¬Å"A Narrow Fellow in the Grass,â⬠by Emily Dickinson is a collaboration of fear and intrigue. The poem is presented through a young boy as he makes his way through cool and damp grassland during the afternoon. The issue the young boy must deal with is the unwelcome encounter with a snake. From the first glimpse of the slithering snake the tone of the poem is set: an uneasiness mood followed by persistent fear. The combination of external conflict and dexterous imagery create the atmosphere of this poem. A Narrow Fellow in the Grass Occasionally rides ââ¬â You may have met Him ââ¬â did you not His notice sudden is The Grass divides as with a Comb A spottedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In reading this poem one cannot help but absorb the imagery portrayed by the use of descriptive language. Dickinson does an amazing job of using the senses to feel the sensation as if you were there standing beside the boy on that particular day. Through imagery the poemââ¬â¢s mood, understanding and emotions are created. The dominant sensuous appeal of the poem is definitively fear. Whether Emily Dickinson had a fear of snakes, which she portrayed through the boy, the reader will never know but this poem does generate a sense of uneasiness for the reader. Dickinson uses many physical senses to create the ambiance of the poem and through this the poem becomes meaningful to the reader. The most used sense in this particular poem is that of the visual, in which Dickinson uses it in every stanza. The visual sense seems to be the most powerful tool in presenting an idea to someone. Although we will not all create the same picture in our mind we do share the same common or given characteristics. Dickinson describes the snake as it suddenly emerges from the grass and then its outward physical appearance. Then the location is visually created as it is described as a ââ¬Å"boggy acre,â⬠this is where we all create our own picture of the location of the poem. Another appealing visual aspect is the ââ¬Å"Whip lashâ⬠unbraiding in the sun, the boy completely unaware of what the ropeShow MoreRelatedA Bird Came Down the Walk, and a Narrow Fellow in the Grass, by Emily Dickinson835 Words à |à 4 Pages A bird came down the walkâ⬠and ââ¬Å"A narrow fellow in the grassâ⬠are both best known poems in the world by Emily Dickinson. Both poems talk about descriptions of nature. ââ¬Å"A bird came down the walkâ⬠includes birds and images, true to her usual, easy way to capture the birds personality. Birds become unyielding nature of the mysterious emblem. This poem is a simple experience seeing birds hop down the path and celebrates every detail which is simple but beautifulRead MoreExamples Of Emily Dickinson748 Words à |à 3 PagesEmily Dickinson: Ambivalence in Nature Emily Elizabeth Dickinson was an American poet from the mid-nineteenth century. She had lived reclusively with her parents, composing approximately 1,800 known works of poetry. When she tried to get some of them published, they were rejected for their strange punctuation and capitalization. Dickinson refused to change her writing style and eventually gave up on poetry. Only until four years after her death was all of her poetry discovered and published by aRead MoreEssay Emily Dickinsons Use of Nature 728 Words à |à 3 PagesEmily Dickinsons Use of Nature Dickinsonââ¬â¢s Use of Nature Emily Dickinson uses nature as a major theme in a lot of her poetry. Quite often, Dickinson overlaps the theme of nature with the theme of death as well as love and sexuality, which were the other major themes in her work. Dickinson describes nature in many different ways. She uses is to describe her surroundings and what she sees as well as a metaphor for other themes. In Dickinsonââ¬â¢s poem, ââ¬Å"A narrow Fellow in the Grassâ⬠, she describesRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Emily And The English Specking World Essay1744 Words à |à 7 Pages Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson is a very well-known poet. Emily wrote many poems. She has written 1700-2000 poems (4) According to Nicolas Tredell, there was ââ¬Å"only eleven poems published during her lifetime.â⬠(4) She did not know about most of them being published. Dickinsonââ¬â¢s sister found the poems and turned them in to be published. Emily did not want her poems to be seen. Dickinson is one of the great poets. Her poems were produced by America and the English-specking world (1). Emily had aRead MoreA Narrow Fellow in the Grass - 1 Essay788 Words à |à 4 PagesA Narrow Fellow in the Grass By Emily Dickinson. A Narrow Fellow in the Grass Is believed to have been written in 1865. About a year later it was published under the title The Snake by a journal called Springfield Republican. This poem express natures infamous creatures, the snake. The poem is built around what appears to be and what is. This poem is meant to be read aloud and appreciated for its precision. Some would say A Narrow Fellow in the Grass is perhaps the most nearlyRead MoreEssay about Whitman vs. Dickinson759 Words à |à 4 PagesWhitman vs. Dickinson Death; termination of vital existence; passing away of the physical state. Dying comes along with a pool of emotions that writers have many times tried to explain. Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman were two pioneer poets from the Romantic Era, that introduced new, freer styles of writing to modern poetry at the time. Both Whitman and Dickinson have similar ideas in their writing, but each has a unique touch of expression in their works. Both poets have portrayed deathRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s A Narrow Fellow 1246 Words à |à 5 PagesA Puzzle for Critics Slithering and hissing while traveling through a grassy garden seems to be what ââ¬Å"A Narrow Fellowâ⬠is doing in one of Emily Dickinsonââ¬â¢s most well-known poems. However, this poem has proved to be more of an ambiguous puzzle rather than a simple poem depicting a beautifully painted picture of nature. It was one of very few poems that were published during Dickinsonââ¬â¢s lifetime. Though this poem seems to be symbolic of something much deeper than the love and appreciationRead MoreEmily Dickinsonââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"the Snakeâ⬠1972 Words à |à 8 PagesJosh Mclawhorn Eng 232 Professor Etheridge 9/24/2012 Emily Dickinsonââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Snakeâ⬠ââ¬Å"The snakeâ⬠by Emily Dickinson is a 24 line poem describing an encounter with a snake in the grass. The six stanzas of the poem flow together in an ABCB rhyme scheme yet are not formalized into any specific meter. ââ¬Å"The Snakeâ⬠says that Dickinson shares a friendly and appreciative connection with a snake because it is being of nature, just as she is a being of nature; but even while she appreciates this creature,Read MoreEssay about Nature in the Works of Emily Dickinson1368 Words à |à 6 Pages Nature is the most beautiful places for anyone to enjoy peace and stability in the human minds. Emily Dickinson is a naturalist poet that she wants the world to know that peace does exist in the human world and she wants to tell the world. Dickinsons poems are mostly written by nature, love, and death according to Anna Dunlap in her analysis. Dickinsons sister, Lavinia, is the one who published Dickinsons work, on her first attempt the editor that was respo nsible was taking herRead MoreThe Themes of Emily Dickinsons Poetry3970 Words à |à 16 PagesThemes of Emily Dickinsons Poetry Emily Dickinson was a great American poet who has had a lasting effect on poetry, yet she was a very complicated poet in the 1860s to understand, because of her thought patterns. Dickinson wrote from life experiences and her deepest thoughts. She wrote for herself as a way of letting out her feelings. Dickinson Wrote 1,775 hundred poems but only published seven in her life time because she did not write poetry for publishing. In fact, Emily Dickinson left a letter
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
Animal Rights And The Ethical Treatment Of Animals
The debate of whether or not animals should be allowed to be used as subjects in research, entertainment, or clothing is one of the most controversial issues known in todayââ¬â¢s society (Parks 21). Through time, animal rights have acquired several different definitions and opinions from people. Regarding their belief about the true meaning of animal rights, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), a largely recognized animal rights activist organization, states: Animal rights means that animals deserve certain kinds of consideration- consideration of what is in their best interests, regardless of whether they are cute, useful to humans, or an endangered species and regardless of whether any human cares about them at all (just as a mentally challenged human has rights even if he or she is not cute or useful or even if everyone dislikes him or her). It means recognizing that animals are not ours to use- for food, clothing, entertainment, or experimentation. (ââ¬Å"Frequentlyâ⬠) Animals first were used by humans as experiment subjects in Ancient Greece around 500 before the Common Era (BCE) (Coster 12). Animals have complex brains and minds, and compound nervous systems, live in multiplex societies, and show emotions that are often extremely closely related to those of humans (Parks 27). As scientist/philosopher Richard Ryder said, ââ¬Å"To discriminate against others merely because they have a different physical appearance is very unintelligent. Such speciesism is as irrationalShow MoreRelatedAnimal Rights And The Ethical Treatment Of Animals991 Words à |à 4 Pagesespecially when it comes to the treatment of animals. The group PETA which stands for People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals is know as the largest animal rights group in the world. With an estimated three million members and supporters the organization believes that ââ¬Å" Animals are not ours to eat. Wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other wayâ⬠and figh ts to protects those rights of animals (PETA). PETA was founded in March 1980 by animal rights activist Alex Pacheco andRead MoreAnimal Rights And The Ethical Treatment Of Animals1237 Words à |à 5 PagesErasistratus of Alexandria to Galen, who is known as the creator of experimental physiology, animals have been test subjects in experiments for more than two thousand years (Day 35). Every year in the world as many as twenty-two million animals are used for scientific or medical purposes (Day 10). A variety of animals are experimented on, including rats, mice, rabbits, dogs, cats, and primates (Day 10). Those against animal research believe the tests are pointless (Day 10). They presume if the experimentsRead MoreAnimal Rights And The Ethical Treatment Of Animals1801 Words à |à 8 Pageseven order the cheese because a cow had to produce milk to make the cheese. The subject of animal rights incites heated debates. On one end of the spectrum would be animal rights organizations like People for the Ethical treatment of Anim als or PETA for short. PETA takes a stance against any use of any animal, even using silk from silk worms. According to this organization, the only tolerable use of an animal is a neutered companion pet in the backyard. On the other end of the spectrum would be theRead MoreAnimal Rights vs Human Morals Essay1468 Words à |à 6 Pages Rights come from the ability to think not the ability to suffer. Many people can agree that animals need rights to be able to stay alive and be safe. But ask yourself is that really the only solution to saving animals? In my case, I believe that is not the only solution, for animals to be safe people need to realize itââ¬â¢s their fault animals are put through suffrage. Animalââ¬â¢s lives are put on the line due to the actions of human beings. Animals do not need rights to be protected. Human beings needRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned From Our Society874 Words à |à 4 PagesAnimal Rights Demand Protection My thesis is that animal testing should be banned from our society altogether. Animal rights advocates argue that testing is a subject that has been argued countless amount of times in medical journals, and it has shown that it is a waste of animal lives. Subsequently, processing of a single drug requires more than 50 trials and use of as many as 12,000 animals. Moreover, regardless of the ethical issues that derive from animal testing, the infliction of physical/psychologicalRead MoreEssay about We Need More Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation1416 Words à |à 6 PagesWe Need More Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation à A life can be taken or created in a matter of seconds and with that has come the miracles of modern medicine. People have come to expect science to save lives, prevent illness, relieve suffering and improve the quality of life. The means of curing, treating and preventing diseases are not achieved by magic or accident. Medical advances are gained through years of intensive research -- research in which laboratory animals have playedRead MoreEthical Issues on the Treatment of Animals Essay722 Words à |à 3 Pages Animals have always played an essential role in many aspects of this world. Some people look upon these roles with favoritism, some with disgust. Animals are considered different from humans by some people because of their behavior, mannerisms or actions. Some animals are used as food by humans and other animals, while others are trapped for their furs. Many times people acquire animals for pets, only to neglect or mistreat them. For many years, the ethical treatmen t of animals has beenRead MoreShould Animal Testing Be Ethical?1328 Words à |à 6 PagesAnimal testing has been an important type of research in various science fields for many years, because it has been able to replicate the results of the research to positively affect humans. It has provided many cures to diseases and many basic products that are mass produced such as lotion, shampoo, sunscreen, etc. Adding on, animal testing is ethical since it follows many guidelines and restrictions made by numerous laws that protect animals from inhumane treatment. Although such testing can provideRead MoreAnimals Like Us By Jonathan Safran Foer1744 Words à |à 7 Pagesrelationship with non-human animals. This relationship has always benefitted the needs of humans, with little consideration for animalsââ¬â¢ needs. Some animals are tortured for entertainment, some are butchered for food and others are taken from their habitat and family, and forced to be pets for humans. These are all ex amples of the ways humans have exploited animals for their own satisfaction. Hal Herzogââ¬â¢s essay ââ¬Å"Animals Like Usâ⬠describes the complicated relationship that humans and animals have, and how difficultRead MoreThe Issue of Ethical Treatment of Animals1441 Words à |à 6 PagesAnimal Rights Introduction The issue of ethical treatment of animals has been a subject of discussion for many years and among many scholars. It has raised legal issues especially among the animal care specialists and bodies trying to ensure that there is a standard way of treating animals. Whether the animals are pets or are for food later on, there has been a growing need for the ethical treatment of them all. This is an issue that disturbs many Americans, me included since it is unethical
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Types of Software Systems Free Essays
Types of Software Systems Computers are the brain of new world that belong humanity. People save up time and obtain some functions with computers. In time, the future seen on computers and people pursue them. We will write a custom essay sample on Types of Software Systems or any similar topic only for you Order Now At first, they just consist of a lot of pieces electronic circuits to operate some function such as addition and subtraction. Electronic circuits in other words hardware systems are taken on meaning with software systems to solve more complicated function. Computer software systems are divided into three major categories: system software, programming oftware and application software. The initial section about software systems refers to system software. System software is substratum point on computer system which provide major actions. Other software systems base system software to command their functions. System software includes device drivers, operating systems and servers. Operating systems with other words collection of software resource common services for computer programs. They are the vital system on computer and provide database to application softwares. Device drivers which manage a particular kind of device, are computer program. Considering microphones that attached to computers, they need software to recognise themselves to operating systems. Servers is the system software that relate computers to each others. Internet is formed with server systems. Thus, information is accessible from person to person. The second part of software systems is about programming software. Programming software include tools that is used by software developers, such as create, ebug, maintain, or otherwise support other programs and applications. Computer need compiler which is set of programs for transforming source code into another computer programming language. This transformation create an executable program. In addition, computer debug and test from controller system to avoid bugs. This system is called debugger. Also, interpreters execute instructions written in programming language. They are language and basis of casual programs. Matlab and BAS IC are instances for interpreter. The final section of software systems is application softwares. Application softwares support the user to perform specific tasks. This category of software systems contains user-friendly programs such as media players, office suites, accounting software, graphics software. Application softwares synchronize with system and programming softwares. All in all, system softwares, programming softwares and application softwares are main sections of computer softwares. Computers become functional with these softwares that synchronize hardwares. How to cite Types of Software Systems, Papers
Saturday, May 2, 2020
Penal Code As It Is Mostly Focuses Behaviorââ¬Myassignmenthelp.Com
Question: Discuss About The Penal Code As It Is Mostly Focuses Behavior? Answer: Introduction The Penal Code as it is mostly focuses on the behavior of the most disadvantaged class in the social spectra. In some social stratification, crime is not so noticeable (white-collar crime). This is also known as economic crime, the society is complacent to this type of crime, the authorities attitude towards this type of crime is passive and also people are fascinated by this type of crime because it is complex. Mostly, those involved in white collar crime are well to do people with power, and that is why justice is elusive in this type of crimes (ADLER, 2016). Moral Panic Theory It can be said that there is a specifically criminological area in the criminal reality. There is also a field prior to the crime, an offender receives the criminal stigma when he violates an Act, the Criminology is ahead of the commission of the crime. Not only does it act a priori they also do it a posteriori and even after the fulfillment of the sentence. The perfect example of this theory is social protest over the rise of gasoline in Mexico which had grabbed the attention of the media; Some critics of the system accuse the State of intervening to legitimize institutional violence, the violation of citizens' rights and the controversial decisions of the federal government (Conklin, 2013). The chaos broke out in several cities of the country and the coverage of the national press focused on the actions of social protest around the increase of gasoline. The demonstrations were exacerbated to such a degree that they resulted in looting of shops and supermarkets, as well as vandalism. There are those who attribute this scenario to an orchestration from the same State to legitimize institutional violence, the violation of citizens' rights and the controversial decisions of the federal government; Accuse the existence of infiltrators and clashes, this is a perfect example of of Moral Panic Theory. But, what is it about? Now, an approximation (DeKeseredy, Dragiewicz, 2012). The Moral Panic Theory was formulated by the criminologist who died in 2013, Stanley Cohen. This scholar was a pioneer in focusing his critical analysis on old problems that were invisibilize or despised from traditional studies, which focused on the criminal system. Law Lecturer at the University of Yale, Gabriel Brooke, recounts in a writing that this allowed Cohen to find objects of study traditionally considered outside the strict criminology, such as drug users, the media, fears, Fashions and youth bands. In 1972, the British theorist published his book Folk Devils and Moral Panics: the Making of the Mods and Rockers, where for the first time he tackled the issue of moral panic and how factual powers operate to generate it (Doherty, 2005). This theory consists of: The action (structural reforms) The State generates panic (looters and violence) Some ask for the presence of the State through its forces to restore order. The State enters with its forces (including the army) Result: a) The state is enlarged as a "savior" entity to restore order and creates an apparent peace and tranquility thus diverting attention from the origin of the problem (reforms). b) It justifies the militarization of the country under the pretext of maintaining social peace. c) It ends with protests and demonstrations. No matter the entity of that group of people who have been defined as a threat to the values and interests of society. Its nature is presented in a stylized and stereotyped by the media. They are the "popular demons," especially created by the media themselves that "create alarm" through media coverage (DeKeseredy, Dragiewicz, 2012). Citing Cohen, the expert comments that moral panic differs from mass hysteria because it is framed in terms of morality and is usually expressed more as an attack than a fear. In addition, the moral part is condemnation and social disapproval, and panic is the element of hysteria and exaggeration. The role of the media Likewise, the theory speaks of another fundamental element in the dissemination of moral panic, the media. "The general rule is: no press, no moral panic. The media are platforms of moral panics, which either initiate them themselves or carry the message of other groups "; Hence the importance of verification of information in this age of citizen journalism (Renzetti, 2013). Jock Young, from the University of Kent (New York), explains in "Moral Panic. Its origins in resistance, resentment and translation of fantasy in reality ":" The mass media hold a narrative that stimulates as much as condemnation, which amplifies the problem as much as it provides explanations and generates consequences . This media amplification serves to create a spiral of public fear and indignation, putting pressure on control agencies like the police and magistrates, and creating criminal waves of fantasy but of real consequences; That is, violence and criminal acts are perceived to be greater than those that actually exist. The media coverage and, in turn, the disinformation contribute to "inflate" the problem so that after the "crisis", measures are implemented that compromise in o Conflict Theory Durkheim and Merton: main proponents of functionalist structural theories. Durkheim For Durkheim it is totally normal that there are crimes in the societies, and also the crime has a functional character and that is what society advances with the years. A healthy society is one that has a minimum number of crimes, a society that has no crime is considered to be ill. Merton On the other hand Merton departed from the theories of Durkheim adapting them to the American society. The main goal of society will be material well-being and access to a certain number of social groups. Theories of conflict in criminology On the other hand it is necessary to analyze and study conflict theories, these theories disagree with functionalist structural theories and make a series of criticisms to the same ones saying that they are theories that are unrelated to the reality, it is not normal that they think that the crime Is something normal in society and it is necessary to exist in it (Parmelee, 2011). For conflict theory, the existence of a law that represents the values of different social classes is necessary. The existence of a criminal justice that will be one that puts some necessary mechanisms of social control. On the other hand the social behaviors or that are deviated are consequence of the existent inequalities in the society due to the different existing classes. Theories of conflict are of different types and very diverse In the first place we find the theory of cultural conflict: The main author of this theory is Taft. For this theory there are a number of contradictions in society, there is a double standard, so the existence of criminality is normal. Secondly the theory of social conflict: In societies there are different social groups which have different values, this has caused over the years different historical conflicts. As a result of these facts originates criminality. Third, we find Marxist theories: For these theories crime is produced by the existence of capitalist societies. The existence of a criminal law will serve simply to help the upper classes and oppress the workers.Theories of faulty social structure consider that the primary or primary cause of crime is the instability of social structures and institutions, with crime being a consequence of social organization. Anomia, sociological concept formulated by the French social theorist mile Durkheim, is the absence of norms in the individual. In his work The division of social work (1893), Durkheim postulated that anomia or anomie is the evil that a society suffers because of the absence of moral and legal rules, absence that is due to the economic imbalance or the weakening of its institutions , And which implies a low degree of integration. In Suicide: A Sociological Study (1897), he analyzed the relationship of the individual to the norms and values of the society in which he lives, and his acceptance and internalization. For Durkheim, the anomie is greater when the bonds that unite the individuals with the social groups or collectivities are not strong nor constant. Durkheim's work influenced American sociology, especially Robert K. Merton, who identified the anomie with the deviation, the individual's conflict with the contradiction that arises between the goals or goals that have been proposed and the existing means, in Function of the place that occupies in the social stratification. Merton defines 5 modes of adaptation: conformity (acceptance of ends and means), innovation (rejection of the means), ritualism (rejection of goals), rebellion (rejection of both but with an alternative proposal) and withdrawal Without alternative proposal). This confrontation between cultural goals and the possibility of using institutional means or legitimate ways is the one that produces the tendency towards the anomie and the divergent behavior (Lanier, Henry, 2004). The most noteworthy of Merton's theoretical analysis is the possible explanation for the correlations between variables such as crime and poverty. Poverty would entail limiting opportunities, bu t both would not be sufficient to explain crime. It is the association of poverty constraints (which hinders competition for cultural values) which, together with the cultural importance of success as the predominant goal, encourage criminal behavior. The Italian-Argentine sociologist Gino Germani studied the phenomenon of anomie, which divided into objective (psychological anomie) and subjective (structural anomie). For Germani, the main cause of this phenomenon is the rapid change of structures (of generation, ecological, cultural, social), the lack of norms or the conflict with those in force (Lanier, Henry, 2004). Anomia in a society or social group can lead to pathological reactions in individuals, such as suicide, crime, delinquency or prostitution. The theory of inequality of opportunity involves a combination of anomie, that of differential association and that of subcultures. Cloward and Ohlin admit the existence of deep inequalities between the different social classes when it comes to legitimately accessing culturally and socially accepted goals. Members of the most depressed groups would use illegitimate means to achieve their goals (Newburn, 2012). But the innovation of these authors is to consider that young people do not access illegitimate means in the same way. The acquisition of a conformist role or role will be determined by a variety of factors, such as economic position, age, sex, race, personality, etc. Only in those neighborhoods where crime appears in a stable and institutionalized way will there be a fertile field of learning for the young (Marxist criminology, 2011). Three types of delinquent subcultures are distinguished according to the different types of neighborhoods of the lower class: Criminal subculture: in stable low class neighborhoods, where antisocial behavior is accepted as normal. Subculture of conflict: in less stable neighborhoods. The use of violence is promoted to access a privileged status. Subculture of withdrawal or abandonment: there are individuals who fail in the two types of opportunities (legitimate or illegitimate). They will choose alternative life forms to their community around drugs, alcohol or other forms of evasion. Sociological theories of the criminal phenomenon Mans behavior have always been the object of study and criticism. Criminality, because it is a complex social phenomenon, has generated a wide diversity of theories that try to explain the human behavior and that at the same time give us different perspectives of the criminal reality. The modern Criminal Sociology is not limited to emphasize the importance of the medium in the genesis of criminality but contemplates the criminal fact as a social phenomenon and pretends to explain the same according to a certain theoretical framework. In this chapter will be exposed the various theoretical currents that from Sociology changed the analytical panorama of criminality. The victimological problem has been discussed from different approaches, social and legal. Discussions have been made from an economic approach, reparations to victims, but this is a partial aspect of that complex relationship, more important than talking about an economic aspect, would be to analyze that link between the protagonists of the crime. The personality of the offender has always been the subject of investigation. The factors of personality are the fundamental factors in the genesis of crime, it makes psychology have an important function (Renzetti, 2013). Criminology recognizes the offender and tells how to fight him. All studies have focused on the figure of the delinquent, has always sought to seek the justification of crime in pathological characters, has sought something that distinguishes the criminal from the non-criminal.In 1961 a chromosomal malformation (XYY chromosome) is discovered to have found the cause of criminality, while taking into account the psychopathological structures of criminality. The delinquent has been much talked about, has tried to portray the delinquent physically, also its psychic characteristics, thus it will be affirmed that it has a degree of neuroticism, predisposition to risk, spontaneous aggressiveness, impulsive, etc ... Conclusion crime is not patrimony of a social class. The man participates in more criminal activities than the woman, the growth rates of female crime are increasing. The adults commit crimes more serious than the young. Juvenile criminality is more widespread than official statistics affirm. Young people are today victims of crime in proportion greater than the elderly (Stroebe, Kruglanski, Bar-Tal, Hewstone, 2012). It shows a failure of the criminal control of the crime, this is due to a plurality of factors, Can not be individualized in concrete instances of control, is a generalized failure. It is observed that there is a black figure of greater proportion in light offenses S in front of the bass. References ADLER, F. (2016).CRIMINOLOGY. [Place of publication not identified]: MCGRAW-HILL EDUCATION. Beirne, P. (2007).Criminology. New York: Oxford University Press. Belloc, H. (1923).On. London: Methuen. Conklin, J. (2013).Criminology. Boston: Pearson. DeKeseredy, W., Dragiewicz, M. (2012).Routledge handbook of critical criminology. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Doherty, M. (2005).Criminology. London: Old Bailey. Eagly, A., Baron, R., Hamilton, V. (2010).Social psychology of group identity and social conflict. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Hagan, F.Introduction to criminology. Lanier, M., Henry, S. (2004).Essential criminology. Boulder Colo.: Westview. Marxist criminology. (2011). [Place of publication not identified]. Newburn, T. (2012).Key readings in criminology. London: Routledge. Parmelee, M. (2011).Criminology. New York, NY: Barnes Noble Digital Library. Renzetti, C. (2013).Key Ideas in Criminology : Feminist Criminology. Taylor and Francis. Stroebe, W., Kruglanski, A., Bar-Tal, D., Hewstone, M. (2012).The social psychology of intergroup conflict. Berlin [u.a.]: Springer.
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